Afirmativne (re)akcije: stališča do romskih študentov v Srbiji
Povzetek
Vzgojno-izobraževalni sistem v Srbiji se spoprijema s problemom premajhne zastopanosti ranljivih družbenih skupin v (visokem) šolstvu. Čeprav Romi po ocenah predstavljajo okoli 2 % prebivalstva Srbije, predstavljajo le 0,2 % aktivnih študentov (po podatkih Republiškega inštituta za statistiko iz leta 2022). Eden izmed ukrepov za odpravo dolgotrajne diskriminacije in končno izenačenje manjšinskih skupin z večino so t. i. afirmativni ukrepi (tudi pozitivna diskriminacija). Ti se v srbskem vzgojno-izobraževalnem sistemu občasno izvajajo od leta 2003, uradno pa so bili uvedeni leta 2009 s sistemom kvot. Od takrat je bil dosežen določen napredek pri povečanju vključevanja študentov iz ranljivih skupin na vseh ravneh izobraževanja. Še vedno pa je treba delati na dejavnostih, ki zadevajo zagotavljanje možnosti za sodelovanje v izobraževanju pa tudi zagotavljanje socialne vključenosti. Zato je glavni cilj tega članka preučiti zaznave in stališča večinskega študentskega prebivalstva do pozitivnih ukrepov za romske študente. To vprašanje smo preučevali s pomočjo izvirno sestavljenega vprašalnika, ki ga je izpolnilo skupno 190 študentov Filozofske fakultete v Novem Sadu. Izsledki kažejo, da večina študentov podpira afirmativne ukrepe, čeprav moški anketiranci kažejo bolj negativno stališče do njih. Ugotovitve kažejo tudi na povezavo med slabo obveščenimi študenti in tistimi, ki imajo večjo socialno distanco do Romov. Da bi povečali število romskih študentov, avtorji predlagajo povečanje ozaveščenosti o afirmativnih ukrepih med večinskimi in manjšinskimi skupinami ter uvedbo tečajev o raznolikosti in programov mreženja v visokošolskih ustanovah.
Prenosi
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