Osip romskih otrok iz podstandardnih naselij v Srbiji iz sistema osnovnošolskega izobraževanja: pogled pedagoških pomočnikov

  • Stefan Milutinović MA student at the University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Vojin Simunović LIRA Lab, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Ključne besede: osip v šolah, pedagoški pomočniki, Romi, podstandardna naselja, Srbija

Povzetek

Veliko število Romov na ozemlju Republike Srbije živi v podstandardnih naseljih, v katerih slabe življenjske razmere škodljivo vplivajo na vzgojo in izobraževanje otrok. Pedagoški pomočniki ohranjajo skoraj vsakodnevni stik z otroki, ki živijo v takšnih naseljih. Poleg neposrednega pedagoškega dela njihovo delo vključuje tudi sodelovanje z družinami otrok. Ta raziskava preiskuje poglede pedagoških pomočnikov v beograjskih osnovnih šolah na osip romskih otrok iz podstandardnih naselij, pri čemer se osredinja na individualne, šolske in na družinske dejavnike, ki prispevajo k osipu v šolah. Vzorec je predstavljalo 40 pedagoških pomočnikov in je bil uravnotežen glede na spol. Z vsemi udeleženci raziskave so bili opravljeni individualni intervjuji. Glavne ugotovitve tematske analize so, da deklice pogosteje opuščajo osnovnošolsko vzgojo in izobraževanje kot dečki  in da so glavni dejavniki, ki prispevajo k osipu, povezani z odnosom staršev, zlasti očetov, do vzgoje in izobraževanja otrok, s sodelovanjem staršev v otrokovem šolskem življenju in z odzivom šole na otrokove potrebe, vključno z odzivom pedagoških pomočnikov. Izsledki so obravnavani v okviru mogočih rešitev za zmanjšanje osipa v tej skupini osnovnošolskih otrok.

Prenosi

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

Literatura

Allensworth, E. M. (2005). Graduation and dropout trends in Chicago: A look at cohorts of students from 1991 through 2004. University of Chicago Consortium on School Research. https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/graduation-and-dropout-trends-chicago-lookcohorts-students-1991-2004

Anđelković, D., & Pavlović-Babić, D. (2004). Porodično okruženje kao potporni sistem za školovanje dece iz perspektive roditelja [The family environment as a support system for children’s education from the parents’ perspective]. In D. Plut, & Z. Krnjaić (Eds.), Obrazovanje i društvena kriza: dokument o jednom vremenu [Education and social crisis: A document of one age] (pp. 185—217). Institut za psihologiju.

Bačlija-Brajnik, I., & Prebilič, V. (2019). Roma teaching assistants in primary schools: Support teaching staff or maids and nannies?. Teorija in praksa, 56(2). https://www.fdv.uni-lj.si/docs/default-source/tip/romski--e-pomočniki--ce-v-osnovni-šolipodporno-pedagoško-osebje-ali-služkinje-in-varuške.pdf?sfvrsn=0

Bašić, G. (2021). Romi u Republici Srbiji: izazovi diskriminacije [Roma in the Republic of Serbia: Challenges of discrimination]. Minority Rights Group Europe (MRGE) / Evropska grupa za prava manjina. http://iriss.idn.org.rs/1187/

Bennett, S., Gallagher, T., Somma, M., & White, R. (2021). Transitioning towards inclusion: A triangulated view of the role of educational assistants. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 21(3), 187—197. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12508

Birchall, J. (2018). Early marriage, pregnancy and girl child school dropout. Knowledge, Evidence and Learning for Development, 2(7), 1—15. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12413/14285

Breyer, C., Lederer, J., & Gasteiger-Klicpera, B. (2021). Learning and support assistants in inclusive education: A transnational analysis of assistance services in Europe. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 36(3), 344—357. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2020.1754546

Brinkman, S. (2014). Unstructured and semi-structured interviewing. In P. Leavy (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of qualitative research (pp. 277—299). Oxford University Press.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Recent advances in research on the ecology of human development. In R. K. Silbereisen, K. Eyferth, & G. Rudinger (Eds.), Development as action in context. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02475-1_15

Council of Europe. (2012). Human rights of Roma and Travellers in Europe. https://book.coe.int/en/minorities/4870-human-rights-of-roma-and-travellers-in-europe.html

Dustmann, C., & van Soest, A. (2008). Part-time work, school success and school leaving. In C. Dustmann, B. Fitzenberger, & S. Machin (Eds.), The economics of education and training. Studies in empirical economics (pp. 23–45). Physica-Verlag HD. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2022-5_3

Đurić, R. (2021). Romologija [Romology]. Tim za socijalno uključivanje i smanjenje siromaštva Vlade Republike Srbije. https://socijalnoukljucivanje.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/SIPRU-Romologija.pdf

Entwisle, D. R., Alexander, K. L., & Steffel-Olson, L. S. (2004). Temporary as compared to permanent high school dropout. Social Forces, 82(3), 1181—1205. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2004.0036

Foley, K., Gallipoli, G., & Green, D. A. (2014). Ability, parental valuation of education, and the high school dropout decision. Journal of Human Resources, 49(4), 906—944. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.49.4.906

Ioana, M. I., Anda, M. I., Cornelia, P., & Mariana, C. R. (2015). School dropout–A social problem in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 182, 623—628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.795

Jovanović, S. (2014). Procena stanja u podstandardnim romskim naseljima u 21 opštini u Srbiji [Assessment of conditions in substandard Roma settlements in 21 municipalities in Serbia]. OSCE Mission to Serbia.

Jovanović, V., Petrović, D., Milivojević, Z., Jeremić, J., & Lažetić, P. (2013). Obrazovna inkluzija dece romske nacionalnosti: izveštaj o sprovedenom monitoringu u osnovnoškolskom obrazovanju [Educational inclusion of Roma children: Report on the monitoring conducted in primary education]. Centar za obrazovne politike, Belgrade, Serbia. https://www.cep.edu.rs/public/Obrazovna_inkluzija_dece_romske_nacionalnosti-1.pdf

Klaus, S., & Siraj, I. (2020). Improving Roma participation in European early childhood education systems through cultural brokering. London Review of Education, 18(1), 50—64. https://doi.org/10.18546/LRE.18.1.04

Kovács Cerović, T., & Daiute, C. (2017). Minority teachers - Roma in Serbia - Narrate education reform. Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Association of Pedagogical Assistants of Serbia. https://www.colettedaiute.org/uploads/9/6/3/0/9630980/daiute_et_al._2017.pdf

Kovács Cerović, T., Vizek Vidović, V., & Powell, S. (2012). South East Europe cross countries survey of parents’ views; School governance and social inclusion, involvement of parents. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education, Center for Educational Policy Studies. https://narip.cep.edu.rs/biblioteka/literatura_na_srpskom_jeziku/upravljanje_skolom_i_socijalna_inkluzija.pdf

Krstić, K., Stepanović-Ilić, I., & Videnović, M. (2017). Odustajanje od u školovanja u osnovnom i srednjem obrazovanju u Republici Srbiji [Student dropout in primary and secondary education in the Republic of Serbia]. Psihološka istraživanja, 20(1), 27—50. https://doi.org/10.5937/PsIstra1701027K

Lamote, C., Speybroeck, S., Van Den Noortgate, W., & Van Damme, J. (2013). Different pathways towards dropout: The role of engagement in early school leaving. Oxford Review of Education, 39(6), 739—760. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2013.854202

Leggio, D.V. (2011). The dialect of the Mitrovica Roma. Romani Studies, 21(1), 57—113. https://doi.org/10.3828/rs.2011.3

Lory, B. (2021). Écrire une histoire des Tsiganes balkaniques. [How to write a history of the Balkan Gypsies?]. Balkanologie, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.4000/balkanologie.3073

Milivojević, Z. (2015). Analiza pravnog okvira i aktuelnog statusa i prakse pedagoških asistenata [Analysis of the legal framework, current status, and practices of pedagogical assistants.] Tim za socijalno uključivanje i smanjenje siromaštva Republike Srbije. https://socijalnoukljucivanje.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Analiza_pravnog_okvira_i_aktuelnog_statusa_i_prakse_pedagoskih_asistenata.pdf

OSF. (2023). Dropout from the primary education system of Roma children from substandard settlements: The view of pedagogical assistants, general questions. OSF/The Open Science Framework. https://osf.io/pdnxh/?view_only=19f066a84dd4489bbdb5b9810c579a09

Peraita, C., & Pastor, M. (2000). The primary school dropout in Spain: The influence of family background and labor market conditions. Education economics, 8(2), 157—168. https://doi.org/10.1080/096452900410721

Potter, J., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. Sage Publications, Inc. https://alingavreliuc.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/potterwetherell-discourse-andsocial-psychology.pdf

Rumberger, R.W. (1983). Dropping out of high school: The influence of race, sex, and family background. American Educational Research Journal, 20(2) 199—220. https://doi.org/10.2307/1162594

Rumberger, R.W. (2004). Why students drop out of school?. In G. Orfied (Ed.), Dropouts in America: Confronting the graduation rate crisis (pp. 131—155). Harvard Education Press.

Rumberger, R.W. (2011). Dropping out: Why students drop out of high school and what can be done about it. Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674063167

Rutigliano, A. (2020). Inclusion of Roma students in Europe: A literature review and examples of policy initiatives. OECD Education Working Paper No. 228. OECD. https://one.oecd.org/document/EDU/WKP(2020)16/En/pdf

Rus, C. (2004). The training of Roma/Gypsy school mediators and assistants – report. Council of Europe. https://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/roma/Source/Mediators_EN.pdf

RZS. (2023). Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova 2022. godine - Nacionalna pripadnost: podaci po opštinama i gradovima [Census of Population, Households, and Housing 2022 - National Affiliation: Data by Municipalities and Cities]. RZS - Republički zavod za statistiku. https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/Pdf/G20234001.pdf

SIPRU. (2020). Mapiranje podstandardnih romskih naselja prema rizicima i pristupu pravima u Republici Srbiji [Mapping of substandard Roma settlements according to risks and access to rights in the Republic of Serbia]. SIPRU - Tim za socijalno uključivanje i smanjenje siromaštva. https://socijalnoukljucivanje.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Mapiranje_podstandardnih_romskih_naselja_prema_rizicima_i_pristupu_pravima_sa_narocitim_osvrtom_na_COVID-19.pdf

Starčević, J., Dimitrijević, B., & Macura-Milovanović, S. (2016). Rethinking the role of pedagogical assistants: Establishing cooperation between Roma families and schools in Serbia. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal, 6(4), 73—91. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.54

Stepanović-Ilić, I., Videnović, M., & Lazarević, L. (2015). Odustajanje od školovanja – analiza studija slučaja iz ugla ekološkog pristupa [Dropping out of school – A case study analysis from the perspective of the ecological approach]. Nastava i vaspitanje, 64(3), 453—468. https://doi.org/10.5937/nasvas1503453S

The Government of the Republic of Serbia. (2019). Pravilnik o pedagoškom asistentu i adragoškom asistentu [Regulation on Pedagogical Assistants and Andragogical Assistants]. Vlada RS/The Government of the Republic of Serbia. https://pravno-informacioni-sistem.rs/SlGlasnikPortal/eli/rep/sgrs/ministarstva/pravilnik/2019/87/14/reg

UN-Habitat. (2003). The challenge of slums. Global Report on Human Settlements. Earthscan. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/The%20Challenge%20of%20Slums%20-%20Global%20Report%20on%20Human%20Settlements%202003.pdf

UNICEF. (2014). Analiza uticaja politika: Pružanje podrške učenicima iz osetljivih grupa u preduniverzitetskom obrazovanju [Policy impact analysis: Providing support to students from vulnerable groups in pre-university education]. UNICEF & SIPRU. https://socijalnoukljucivanje.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Analiza-uticaja-politika-Pruzanjedodatne-podrske-ucenicima-iz-osetljivih-grupa-u-preduniverzitetskom-obrazovanju.pdf

UNICEF. (2016). Roma children being left behind from an early age. UNICEF. https://mics.unicef.org/news_entries/24

Videnović, M., & Lazarević, L. (2017). Familial and individual reasons for student dropout: Schools’ perception. Psihološka istraživanja, 20(1), 72—83. https://doi.org/10.5937/PsIstra1701071V

Vilig, K. (2016). Kvalitativna istraživanja u psihologiji [Qualitative research in psychology]. Clio.

Warren, C. A. B. (2002). Qualitative interviewing. In J. F. Gubrium, & J. A. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research: Context & method (pp. 83—101). Sage.

Webster, R., Blatchford, P., Bassett, P., Brown, P., Martin, C., & Russell, A. (2011). The wider pedagogical role of teaching assistants. School Leadership and Management, 31(1), 3—20. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2010.540562

White, S. W., & Kelly, F. D. (2010). The school counselor’s role in school dropout prevention. Journal of Counselling & Development, 88, 227—235. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2010.tb00014.x

Živković, L., & Đorđević, A. (2015). General characteristics of substandard Roma settlements in Serbia and a proposal for further development initiatives for the improvement of the living conditions of the Roma community. OSCE Mission to Serbia. https://www.osce.org/serbia/159711?download=true

Objavljeno
2024-12-20
Kako citirati
Milutinović, S., & Simunović, V. (2024). Osip romskih otrok iz podstandardnih naselij v Srbiji iz sistema osnovnošolskega izobraževanja: pogled pedagoških pomočnikov. Revija Centra Za študij Edukacijskih Strategij , 14(4), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.1897