Ali je strojno učenje pravo učenje?
Povzetek
Vprašanje, ali je strojno učenje pravo učenje, je dvoumno, ker pojem »pravo učenje« lahko razumemo na dva različna načina. Prvič, lahko je razumljeno kot učenje, ki dejansko obstaja in je kot tako nasprotno nečemu, kar se le zdi kot učenje, ali pa je napačno poimenovano kot učenje, čeprav je nekaj drugega; nekaj, kar je drugačno od učenja. Drugič, lahko ga razumemo kot najvišjo obliko človeškega učenja, ki predpostavlja, da agent razume, kar se je naučil, in pridobi novo znanje kot upravičeno resnično verjetje. Posledično obstajata tudi dva nasprotujoča si odgovora na vprašanje, ali je strojno učenje pravo učenje. Nekateri strokovnjaki s področja strojnega učenja, ki je podpodročje umetne inteligence, trdijo, da je strojno učenje dejansko učenje in ne nekaj drugega, medtem ko nekateri drugi – vključno filozofi – zavračajo trditev, da je strojno učenje pravo učenje. Za njih je pravo učenje najvišja oblika človeškega učenja. Glavni namen prispevka je na eni strani na kratko in na preprost način predstaviti in razpravljati o določenih interpretacijah človeškega in strojnega učenja ter na drugi o problemu pravega učenja, zato da bi bilo jasneje vidno, da je odgovor na vprašanje, ali je strojno učenje pravo učenje, odvisen od opredelitve učenja.
Prenosi
Literatura
Bhatnagar, S., et al. (2018). Mapping intelligence: Requirements and possibilities. In V. C. Müller (Ed.), Philosophy and theory of artificial intelligence 2017. Berlin: Springer.
Bostrom, N. (2017). Superintelligence. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Bringsjord, S., & Govindarajulu, N. S. (2019). Learning Ex Nihilo. arXiv:1903.03515v2 [cs.AI].
Bringsjord, S., et al. (2018). Do machine-learning machines learn? In V. C. Müller (Ed.), Philosophy and theory of artificial intelligence 2017. Berlin: Springer.
Danziger, S. (2018). Where intelligence lies: Externalist and sociolinguistic perspectives on the Turing Test and AI. In V. C. Müller (Ed.), Philosophy and theory of artificial intelligence 2017. Berlin: Springer.
Floridi, L. (2015). The ethics of information. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Floridi, L. (2016). The fourth revolution. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Gettier, E. (1963). Is justified true belief knowledge? Analysis, 23, 1963/6.
Hamlyn, D. W. (1987). Human learning. In R. S. Peters (Ed.), Philosophy of education. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Hamlyn, D. W. (1987b). Logical and psychological aspects of learning. In R. S. Peters (Ed.), Philosophy of education. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Mitchell, T. (1997). Machine learning. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
Mitchell, T. (2017). Machine learning (Draft of the chapter 14). Retrieved from http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~tom/mlbook/keyIdeas.pdf
Nath, R. (2009). Philosophy of artificial intelligence. Boca Raton, FL: Universal Publishers.
Peters, R. S. (1987). Introduction. In R. S. Peters (Ed.), Philosophy of education. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Reboul, O. (1980). Qu'est-ce qu'apprendre? Pour une philosophie de l'enseignement [What is learning? For a philosophy of teaching?]. Paris: PUF.
Reboul, O. (1995). La philosophie de l’éducation [Philosophy of education]. Paris: PUF.
Ryle, G. (1949). The concept of mind. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Samuel, A. (1959). Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 44(1), 211-229.
Scheffler, I. (1965). Conditions of knowledge. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Company.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors are confirming that they are the authors of the submitted article, which will be published online in the Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal (for short: CEPS Journal) by University of Ljubljana Press (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia). The Author’s/Authors’ name(s) will be evident in the article in the journal. All decisions regarding layout and distribution of the work are in the hands of the publisher.
- The Authors guarantee that the work is their own original creation and does not infringe any statutory or common-law copyright or any proprietary right of any third party. In case of claims by third parties, authors commit themselves to defend the interests of the publisher, and shall cover any potential costs.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.